Amavuta gakondo agira uruhare rusanzwe mukubyara ibyuma, byaba ibyuma bidafite ingese bikoreshwa mubikoresho byubuvuzi cyangwa ibiryo byo mu nyanja, kimwe mubisekuru byibyuma bikora cyane byateye imbere mumyaka mike ishize ishize inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga, cyangwa ibyuma nka aluminium na titanium.zifite imbaraga nyinshi mubipimo byuburemere hamwe no kurwanya ruswa nyinshi bituma bikenerwa cyane cyane mubisabwa mu kirere, gutunganya peteroli n'inganda.
Kimwe kijyanye no mubyuma bya karubone, cyane cyane ibivanze birimo karubone na manganese.Ukurikije ingano yibintu bivangavanze, bimwe muribi bikwiranye no gukoraflanges, Ibikoreshonaimiyoboromu nganda zikora imiti n’amavuta.Bose bafite ikintu kimwe bahuriyemo: ibikoresho bikoreshwa muribi bikorwa bigomba kuba bihindagurika bihagije kugirango bihangane kuvunika kuvunika no guturika kwangirika (SCC)。
Amashyirahamwe yubuziranenge nka societe yabanyamerika yinganda zikora inganda (ASME) na ASTM Intl.(yahoze yitwa Sosiyete y'Abanyamerika ishinzwe ibizamini n'ibikoresho) itanga ubuyobozi muri urwo rwego.Kode ebyiri zijyanye ninganda-ASME BoilerUmuyoboro w'ingutu (BPVD) Igice cya VIII, Igice cya 1, na ASME B31.3, Gutunganya inzira - gukemura ibyuma bya karubone (ikintu cyose kirimo 0.29% kugeza 0.54% karubone na 0,60% kugeza kuri 1.65% manganese, icyuma kirimo ibikoresho).ihindagurika bihagije kugirango ikoreshwe mubihe bishyushye, uturere dushyuha hamwe nubushyuhe buri munsi ya dogere -20 Fahrenheit.Nyamara, gusubira inyuma kwubushyuhe bwibidukikije byatumye hasuzumwa neza ingano nubunini bwibintu bitandukanye bya microalloying bikoreshwa mugukora flanges, fitingi na imiyoboro ya api.
Kugeza vuba aha, ntabwo ASME cyangwa ASTM basabye kwipimisha ingaruka kugirango hemezwe ihindagurika ryibicuruzwa byinshi byuma bya karubone bikoreshwa mubushyuhe buri munsi ya dogere -20 Fahrenheit.Icyemezo cyo gukuraho ibicuruzwa bimwe gishingiye kumiterere yamateka yibikoresho.Kurugero, mugihe ubushyuhe buke bwo gushushanya ibyuma (MDMT) ni -20 dogere Fahrenheit, isonewe ibizamini byingaruka kubera uruhare gakondo mubikorwa nkibi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-19-2023